What do assets represent in accounting?

Assets in accounting are defined as economic resources owned by a business that are expected to provide future benefits. This definition encompasses a wide range of resources, including cash, inventory, real estate, and equipment. Each of these assets contributes to the entity's ability to generate revenue and sustain operations over time.

The key aspect of assets is their potential to deliver future economic benefit, whether through use in operations, conversion to cash, or other means. This future benefit is essential for assessing the value of a business, as it reflects its economic strength and ability to grow and create value for stakeholders.

In contrast, liabilities relate to debts and obligations the business has yet to settle, while income pertains to earnings from operations. Investments made by shareholders represent equity rather than assets themselves. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the role assets play in driving economic value for the business and its owners.